Briquetting machine



May 19, 1931. J. c. LEMMING BRIQUETTING MACHINE Filed Feb. 1, 1930 s Sheets-Sheet 1 3 John [I 1122227221219 BRIQUETTING HACHINE y 1931. .1. c. LEMMING 06,300

BRIQUETTING MACHINE Filed Feb. 1. 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 1 [I O Ja/Tm Blaming;

Patented May' 19, 1931 UNITED STATES JOHN G. LEMMING, 0F DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO MORAINE PRODUCTS COMPANY,

PATENT, oFrIcE 7 OF DAYTON, JHIO, A GORPORATION OF OHIO BRIQUETTING MACHINE Application filed February 1, 1930. Serial No. 425,290.

This invention relates to an improved means and method of briquetting bushings or other similar apertured articles from powdered, semi-plastic, or other materials capable of being briquetted by pressure.

An object of this invention is to provide an improved briquetting press and method of operation including the following features: 1 The briquetting punch has a renewable core forming projection thereon which is withdrawn from the briquetted article prior to its ejection from the mold cavity. The abrasive action or wear upon the core is thus concentrated upon a relativelysmall ,easilyrenewable part and hence the cost of renewing the part serving as a core is greatly reduced. 1

(2.) The wear upon the die'cavity walls is also greatly reduced and the ejection of the formed bushing is greatly facilitated by the prior withdrawal of the core forming projection from the formed bushing. Hence the cost of die renewals will be greatly decreased due to the longer life of the dies.

(3.) A reciprocatable temporary core is provided which is caused to move upwardly through the die cavity after it is filled with the loose charge of material to be briquetted. This action more evenly distributes the loose powder in the annular cavity and causes a more uniform filling of same and hence the briquetted bushing will. have walls of, more uniform density. This temporary core is displaced by the core forming projection on the punch during the compacting stroke without substantial wear thereon since the material does not undergo its highest compression until the temporary core is withdrawn therefrom.

Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings wherein a preferred embodimentof oneuform of the present invention is clearly shown.

In the drawings: r

Fig. 1 is in part an elevation and in part a vertical section through a briquetting press made according to this invention. Fig. 2 is an end elevation of Fig. 1.

Figs. 3, 4, and 5 illustrate various positions of-the essential parts of the press.

Fig. 3 shows the parts in initial position while the die cavity is being filled with the loose charge. it

Fig. 4 shows the temporary core moved to its top position through the loose charge whilethe filling shoe remains in registration with the die cavity.

Fig. 5 shows the briquetting punch in its down position, having fully compressed the loose charge into the formed bushing.

Fig. 6 shows the formed bushing being easily ejected from the die cavity since it is not held compressed outwardly by any part within its central apertures.

Similar reference characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

The essential operations as disclosed in Figs. 3 to 6 will first be described.

Numeral 2O designates the stationary die having the open end cylindical die cavity 21 therein. A lower tubular ejecting ram 22 is received within the lower open end of cavity 21, shown in its bottom position in Fig. 3. Within ram 22 the vertically reciprocable temporary core 23 is also shown in its bottom position, thus leaving the cavity 21 unobstructed for easy automatic filling with the loose powder charge 24. This powder material is conducted from a suitable hopper 26 through the swinging and vibrating filling shoe 27, to be later described herein. After cavity 21 is filled with the loose powder as shown in Fig. 3, the temporary core 23 is raised through the loose material 24 to the position shown in Fig. 4. while the shoe 27 is yet positioned over the top of cavity 21. Thus the material displaced by the up move ment of core 23 reenters the filling shoe 27 This movement of core 23'through the loose powder aids in moreevenly distributing this powder around the now annular cavity and shakes oragitates the powder sufficiently to prevent any unfilled spaces therein. The'fill- ,ing shoe 27 is then swung laterally out of the way across the top face of die 20, leaving the cavity 21 filled with powder flush with its top.

The briquetting punch has a renewable coreforming projection fixed thereto, preferably bya threaded shank 29 (see-Fig.

This projection 30 preferably exactly conforms in section to the temporary core, and'is directly'alignedtherewith. Now] after shoe 27 is swung out of the way, punch 25is caused to; descend upon its-con pacting stroke. The bottom end ofcore projection 30 abuts directly upon. the top end of .tem'' "porary core 23, which. is yieldably supported. I in this position, and forces it'do'wnwardly asf-punch 25 descends. When punch 25 enthis the cavity 211 it I begins compacting the loose charge 24. Since this powder material usually does not flow freely in: anarrow space the down motion-of'the core 23'w1ll a1d in reducing the friction of flowof the material-while it'is being compacted downwardly upon'the upper end-of the'now stationary "ejecting ram 22. Fig. 5 showsthe-parts-at the end of the compacting stroke of punch '25, the powder now having been highly "coinpacted into a' quitehard rigid 'bushing' 312 It will be seen from Fig." 5 that the tem porary core 23' hasbeen entirely dis laced from the: diecavity 21- bythe core projection 30', which at this time serves as the' c-ore" for the.bushing-31. Punch-25 is now caused to rise and in so' doing will withdraw? its proje'ction 30 from the formed-bushing 31 since the friction hold of the bushing is" greater upon the outercavity walls than uponf'the smaller inner; core 30, theibushingi 31 hence remaining stationary the die. After :such withdrawal" of proj ection 30 the flietlpl litl hold "of bushing 31- upon J-the outer cavity Walls i's'greatly reduc'ed dueto the .fact that the bushing walls can 7 then; yield inwardly 1 l to some extent. The bushing'31 can then be 7 5o quite easily pushed upwardly'from the 'cav ity 21 'by ejecting ram 22without great fr ction or substantial wear upon the the cavity walls.""Fi'g. 6 shows'the bushing 31*:bei-ng ejected-by ramj22'while" the temporary core- 23 remainsin itsbottompos1t1on; 1

the formed bushing of powderedmaterials which may haveconsiderable abrasive action.

One form of machine for supporting and actuatingthe' parts above described will now be described.-

7 It will thus be clear thatv substantially al wear upon the die parts will'be concentrated :upon the .relatively small easily "renewable core =-projection 30,'sinc'e it-is thelon'ly' d e part which experiences high fIiCtIOII' upon This machine (See Fig; 1 includes a base 10 Whichsupports a main frame 11 providing bearings 12 for a main power driven shaft 6 1. Shaft 64 has an overhanging crank pin which is connected by connecting rod 67 and'crosshead pin 66 to crosshead 69. Crosshead69 is thus caused to reciprocate verticalthe main frame 11. Crosshead 69 has fixed thereto-a socket member 72 within which the briquetting punch 25 is rigidly fixed. The reciprocating movement of punch 25 will now be clear. The other moving parts of the press are driven from the main drive shaft 64 and hence may." be suitably timedin 'relaticn' tothe movement'of punch 25. V The filling shoe 27 is pivoted at pivot pin 28 and its plane bottom surface swings across the plane top surfaceof die 20. It is actuated by cam 35 on main shaft'64. A lever'37', pivotedi'atfixedpivot 38 has at its upper end a cam follower 36 ridingincam groove 35', and

at its'lowerend a-link 39' 'c'o'nnected to filling istration with die cavity 21at the prop'er rapid shakes or small oscillations in o'r'der to discharge the loose material and fill cavity 21.

' While shoe 27-is still inre 'isti-ati'on with cavity 21 the core' 2'3 is raised from the bottom 'ly between the stationary guides 70'fixed to 's'hoe'27, whereby said shoe is swung; into regtime for filling same "and then givenseveral position shownin Figs. 1 and sthrough the loose powderby means of lever'ic pivoted iat'fix'ed ivot 41: Leverf40 hash iorkedehd' e2 cooper tingwith the spaced flan es 43 at lowerend of core'23 to actuatesaiicorci Lever i0 is actuated hy'a vertically recipro= cable link 44, extending through a'jsuitabl'e friction guide 45, and having at its upperlend large gear 51. and hence mainf' shaft 64 atfa gre tlyreduced speed. The large-gear wheel to two spokes thereofKsee igt2) in such position asto engage thecamroller 53 nioun'ted on guide frame 46a'nd' 'thus depress link l l at each revolution 'of shaft 64; The friction guide 45 "yieldably'retains' link 414; inits depressed position" after cam 52 rides over cam roller 53 and passes on, hence the temporary inthe die cavity 21' and be yieldably retained core 23 will bemoved up to its top position thereat. After core 23 is moved toits toppo= sition, the'fillingshoe 27 visswung-out of the scribed, whereupon the punch 25' descends and compacts thelooseinaterial into a rigid self-sustaining bushing 31 and at the samev time moves the temporary corel23. back tolits '7 '12s way by cam 35 and vmechanism*"alnive debottom position, all as described above in connection with Figs. 3 to 6. Punch 25 then immediately rises withdrawing the core projection 30 from the formed bushing, whereupon ejecting ram 22 is actuated to eject the bushing 31 by lever 80, pivoted at 81, and having a forked end 82 engaging the two flanges 83 adjustably fixed to the large sleeve 84 to which ram 22 is rigidly fixed at its top. Lever 80 is actuated by cam groove 85 on main shaft 64: through the cam follower roller 86 on bell crank lever 87, pivoted at 88, and the link 89. The operation will be clear from Fig. 1. After ejection of the formed bushing, ram 22 is immediately returned to its bottom position shown in Figs. 1 and 3, and the cycle may then be repeated. When filling shoe 27 swings to its filling position it engages the previously ejected bushing and pushes it laterally across the top of die 20 into a suitably located chute.

Reference is made to my prior application Serial Number 342,230, filed Feb. 23, 1929, which shows a somewhat similar briquetting press forbriquetting a cup-shaped or closed end article from powdered metals or other powdered materials.

The briquetting materials used with this invention may be such as are disclosed in Patent 1,642,348, Sept. 13, 1927, H. M. Williams et al. for making self-lubricating porous bearing bushings.

While the form of embodiment of the present invention as herein disclosed, constitutes a preferred form, it is to be understood that other forms might be adopted, all coming within the scope of the claims which follow.

What is claimed is as follows;

1. In a briquetting press, a die mold having a die cavity and a reciprocatable core therein, means for filling said cavity with a loose charge of material to be briquetted, and a briquetting punch for compacting said material in said cavity, said punch having a core forming projection thereon which on its compacting stroke abuts the end of said core and displaces it from the briquetted article.

2. In a briquetting press, a die mold having a die cavity and a reciprocatable core therein, means for filling said cavity with a loose charge of material to be briquetted, and a briquetting punch for compacting said material in said cavity, said punch having a core forming projection thereon identical in transverse section to said core and aligned therewith, whereby said core forming projection abuts the end of said core and displaces it from the article being briquetted during the compacting stroke of said punch.

3. In a briquetting press, a die mold having a die cavity and a reciprocatable core therein, means for filling said cavity with a loose charge of material to be briquetted, means yieldably supporting said core with in the loose charge within said cavity, and a briquetting punch for compacting said loose charge, said punch having a core forming projection thereon which abuts the end of said core and displaces it from the briquetted article during the compacting stroke of said punch.

4. In a briquetting press for briquetting hollow articles, a die mold having a die cavity and a yieldably supported core extending therethrough, means for filling said cavity with a loose charge of material, and a briquetting punch for compacting said material within said cavity, said punch having a core forming projection thereon aligned with said core and which abuts the end of said core and displaces same from the briquetted article during the compacting stroke of said punch.

5. In a briquetting press for briquetting hollow articles, a die mold having a die cavity and a yieldably supported core extending therethrough, means for filling said cavity with a loose charge of material, and a briquetting punch for compacting said material within said cavity, said punch having a core forming projection thereon aligned with said core, and conforming in section thereto, whereby said projection abuts said core and displaces same from the briquetted article during the compacting stroke of said punch.

6. In a briquetting press, a die mold having a die cavity, means for filling said cavity with a loose charge of material to be briquetted, a reciprocatable die core, means for moving said core through the loose charge in said cavity and then yieldably supporting said core, a briquetting punch for compacting said loose charge, said punch having a core forming projection thereon aligned with said core, whereby said projection abuts said core and displaces same from the briquetted article during the compacting stroke of said punch.

7. In a briquetting press, a die mold having a die cavity, means for filling said cavity with a loose charge of material to be briquetted, a reciprocatable die core, means for moving said core through the loose charge in said cavity and then yieldably supporting said core, a briquetting punch for compacting said loose charge, said punch having a core forming projection thereon aligned with and conforming in section to said core, said projection being thus adapted to abut the end of said core and force same from the die cavity during the compacting stroke of said punch and replace same as a core during the latter portion of the compacting stroke.

8. In a briquetting press, a die mold having a die cavity and a reciprocatable core therein, means for filling said cavity with a loose charge of material to be briquetted, and a briquetting punch for compacting said material in said cavity, said punch having a renewable core forming projection thereon which is aligned with said core and abuts 7 same and displacesit from thebriquetted ar v V ticle duringthe compacting stroke of said punch, and an ejecting punch actuated after Withdrawal of said briquetting punch and its core-forming projection to eject the formed article fromsaid diecavity.

r In v testimony whereof I I hereto I afiix my 7 eignature.

JoHN, 0. LEMMING.

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